Definition of Goitre

Goitre is defined as the enlargement of the thyroid caused by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the follicular epithelium that way responsible for thyroid hormone deficiency.

Two morphological forms of Goitre are distinguished.

  1. Diffuse Goitre ( Nontoxic Goitre or colloid Goitre)
  2. Nodular Goitre (multinodular or adenomatous Goitre)

Pathogenesis Of Goitre.

The thyroid glands are situated in the neck in front of the larynx and trachea. The function of this gland includes:

  1. To produce T4 and T3 which generally regulate the metabolism of cells that is the conversion of oxygen and glucose to form energy.
  2. T4 and T3 they also regulate heart rate, body temperature, and blood sugar.
  3. The thyroid gland raised calcium in the blood. It does this by promoting the storage of calcium in bone and also inhibiting it.