Muscles of Forearm
Table of Contents
Muscles of Forearm a total of 8 muscles at the front of the forearm and 12 muscles at the back of the forearm.Muscle of front of Forearm
Forearm Deep Muscles
There are three muscles in the deep group. These are the pronator quadratus , Flexor digitorum profundus ,Flexor pollicis longus .Β Β Β Β Β Pronator quadratus
Origin: Anterior surface of ulna
Insertion: Anterior surface of radius
Action: Pronator of the forearm.
Β Β Β Flexor Digitorum Profundus
origin : Anterior surface of ulna
Insertion : Base of the distal phalanges (2-5 finger)
Action :
- Flexor of 2 – 5 finger at metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint
- Accessory flexion longus
Β
Flexor pollicis longus
Origin : Anterior surface of Radius
Insertion : Base of the distal phalanges of the thumb
Action :
- Flexion of thumb at MCP and IP Joint
- Accessory Flexion of hand
Β Β Superficial muscle
There are five muscles in the superficial group. These are the pronator teres , the flexor carpi radialis, the palmaris longus , the flexor carpi ulnaris and the flexor digitorum superficialis .
Pronator tere
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Anterolateral surface of radius
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Palmaris longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion : Palmar Aponeurosis
Flexor Carpis Ulnaris
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Pisiform, Hamatum, and base of 5th Metacarpal.
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Each tendon is divided into 2 slips which are inserted on the sides of the middle phalanx of the 2nd to 5th digits
Muscles of the back of the forearm
Superficial muscle
There are seven superficial muscles on the back of the forearm:
Anconeus
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Lateral surface of the olecranon process of ulna
Action: Extended elbow joint
Brachioradialis
Origin: Upper 2/3rd of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus.
Insertion: Base of the styloid process of the radius
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow joint; rotate forearm to the mid-prone position from supine or prone positions.
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Origin: Lower 1/3rd of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: posterior surface of base of the second metacarpal bone
Action: Extends and abducts hand at the wrist joint.
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Posterior surfaces of the base of the third metacarpal
Action: Extends and abducts hand at the wrist joint.
Extensor digitorum
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: bases of middle phalanges of the 2nd – 5th digits
Action: Extends finger of the hand
Extensor digit minimi
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Extensor expansion of little finger
Action: Extendmetacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger
extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of the fifth metacarpal bone
Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist joint.
Deep Muscle
These are as follows ;
Supinator
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, annular ligament of the superior radioulnar joint, supinator crest of ulnar, and depression anterior to it.
Insertion: Neck and whole shaft of upper one-third of the radius
Action: Supination of the forearm when the elbow is extended
Extensor pollicis bervis
Origin: Posterior surface of shaft of radius
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action: Extends metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb
Extensor pollicis longus
Origin: Posterior surface of shaft of ulna
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Action: Extends distal phalanx of thumb
Abductor pollicis longus
Origin: Posterior surface of shafts of radius and ulna
Insertion: Base of the first metacarpal bone.
Action: Abducts and extends thumb
Extensor indicis
Origin: Posterior surface of shaft of ulna
Insertion: Extensor expansion of index finger
Action: Extends the metacarpophalangeal joint of the index finger.
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