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Interferential therapy

Table of Contents

Introduction

Interferential therapy is a form of electrical treatment in which two medium-frequency currents produce low-frequency effects. which stimulate motor and sensory nerves, and encounter a much lower skin-impedance.

Process of IFT

Impedance is inversely proportional to frequency. while the application formula is

Z = impedance in ohms

f = frequency in Hz

C = capacitance of skin in microfarads

for example :

  • circuit A- 4000Hz
  • circuit B – 3900Hz
  • Beat Frequency – 100 Hz
  • for 5 to 10 sec
interferential therapy

Four electrodes are used in pair, each pair being indicated by the coloring of the wire from the machine. The electrode of each pair is placed diagonally opposite one another so that the interference effect or beat frequency is produced in the tissue where it is required. The therapist controls the current and is equal to the sum of the two separate currents.

Methods of treatment

  1. Skin must be clean and clear before the start of treatment
  2. The parts of the body to be treated should be washed and if there is any skin lesion it should be covered by applying petroleum jelly on it.
  3. The electrode should be placed in such a way that the crossing point of two current lies above or around the affected part
  4. The suitable frequency and frequency current should be given for different conditions.
  5. After treatment, adjust the intensity control to a minimum.
  6. Switch “OFF” and disconnect the electrodes.
interferential therapy

Physiological effects of interference currents

It depends on various factors such as the magnitude of the current, whether rhythmic or constant modes are used, the frequency range used, and the accuracy of electrode positioning.

    • Relief of pain

Pain may be relieved if a constant beat ( 0-100 Hz) is used. A tingling sensation after 15 min of treatment which provides relief pain up to one hour.

    • Motor Stimulation

Normally innervated muscle will be made to contract if a constant frequency between 1 to 10 Hz. The contraction is produced with minimal sensory stimulation and can be deeply placed in muscles. e.g. those of the pelvic floor.

    • Absorption of exudate

This is accelerated by a frequency between 1-10 Hz ( rhythmic), leading to the absorption of exudate.

Indications of IFT

  1. chronic pain
    • Low back pain
    • Peri arthritis shoulder
    • Osteoarthritis knee
  2. Absorption of exudates
  3. Stress incontinence
  4. Muscle spasm
  5. Haematoma
  6. Gynecological condition
  7. Contracture

Contraindication of IFT

  1. Arterial Disease
  2. Deep vein Thrombosis
  3. Acute Infection
  4. Pregnant uterus
  5. Danger of Hemorrhage
  6. Malignant Tumors
  7. Artificial Pacemaker

Danger OF IFT

  1. The only danger is the electrical burn if a bare electrode touches the skin or if the electrode on the skin is too close, allowing a skin current to pass between them rather than through the deep tissue
  • The vacuum pad can produce may produce a hematoma if the pressure is high and the speed is too fast.

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