orthopedic terminology
Terminology Table of Contents Orthopaedic Terms Arthrodesis. Arthrodesis is the process of surgically, fusing a joint, usually irreversible. It is achieved by removing the articular surfaces of both joints and then holding bone ends together as in a fracture either internal or external fixation may be used large joints may require some bone grafting to […]
Muscles of thigh region
Muscles of thigh region human body Table of Contents Introduction The thigh region is divided into anterior, medial, and posterior groups of muscle. Anterior group Common innervation in the anterior group is the femoral nerve. Quadriceps Femoris Rectus Femoris Origin : Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine . Vastus lateralis Origin : Lateral lip of linea aspera […]
Goniometry of shoulder joint
Goniometry of shoulder joint Table of Contents Introduction Shoulder joint Type of joint: Ball and socket joint with three degrees of freedom allowing for flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and internal/external rotation in the shoulder joint . The anatomic axis is through the center of the head of the humerus. Shoulder Flexion Planes/axis of movement: Motion occurs in the […]
Hemorrhage
Hemorrhage Table of Contents Introduction Hemorrhage is defined as excess loss of blood due to rupture of blood vessels. Types and causes of Hemorrhage it occurs due to various reasons. based on the cause, hemorrhage is classified into five categories: Accidental hemorrhage Capillary hemorrhage Internal hemorrhage Postpartum hemorrhage Hemorrhage due to premature detachment of placenta Compensatory Effects […]
Heart Rate
Heart Rate Table of Contents Introduction Normal heart rate is 72/min.It ranges between 60 and 80 per minute. Tachycardia Tachycardia is the increase in heart rate above 100/ min Physiological Condition when Tachycardia Occurs Childhood Exercise Pregnancy Emotional conditions such as anxiety Pathological condition when Tachycardic Occurs Fever Anemia Hypoxia Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of catecholamines Cardiomyopathy […]
Heart Sound
Heart Sound Table of Contents Definition of heart sounds Heart sounds are the sounds produced by mechanical activities of heart during each cardiac cycle.Heart sounds are heard by placing ear over the chest or by using a stethoscope or microphone. Heart sounds are produced by: 1. Flow of blood through cardiac chambers 2. Contraction of […]
Cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular System Table of Contents Introduction The cardiovascular system includes heart and blood vessel . The heart pumps blood into blood vessels. Blood vessels circulate the blood throughout body. Blood transport nutrient and oxygen to the tissues and remove carbon dioxide and waste products from tissues.There are two types of circulatory pattern Open circulatory Closed circulatory Humans have a […]
Electromyography
Electromyography Table of Contents Introduction Electromyography is the study of motor unit activity, which provides information on structure and function of of motor units. Motor unit The motor unit is of one anterior horn cell, one axon, its neuromuscular junctions, and all the muscle fibers innervated by the axon. Electromyography is a technique by which the action potential of […]
Muscle of Scapular Region
Muscle of scapula Region Table of Contents muscle of scapular region are Mainly 6 Supraspinatus origin Medial 2/3 of the supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion Upper impression on the greater tubercle of the humerus Nerve Supply Suprascapular Nerve (c5,c6) Action Abduction of shoulder joint up to 0-15 degrees Both supraspinatus and deltoid are involved […]
Indication and contra – indication of UVR
Indication and contraindication of UVR Indication of URV Acne Acne is a skin condition that occurs when your hair follicles become plugged with oil and dead skin cell. Also called Ache Vulgaris. An E2 dose of ultraviolet radiation may be given Aim An erythema will bring more blood to the skin and so improve the […]