Goniometry of Ankle joint
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Ankle goniometry
Type of joint: Hinge joint with one degree of freedom. The axis of motion is obliquely oriented in the transverse plane and passes along a line that connects two points just distal to tips of the malleoli. The movements of plantarflexion and dorsiflexion occur at this joint.
Ankle Dorsiflexion
Planes/axis of movement: Motion occurs in the sagittal plane around a coronal axis.
Range of motion:
โข 0 degrees to 20 degrees
Goniometric alignment:
โข Axis: Center over the lateral aspect of the lateral malleolus
โข Stationary arm: Align with the lateral midline of the fibula, siting the fibular head
โข Moving arm: Align with the lateral midline of calcaneus
Stabilization: The tibia and fibula must be stabilized by the clinician (or on a supporting surface if the subject is in supine or prone) to prevent hip or knee motion
Substitutions: The subject may try to flex the knee or hip to gain more range of motion or avoid pain during testing.
Ankle Plantarflexion
Planes/axis of movement: Motion occurs in the sagittal plane around a coronal axis.
Range of motion:
โข 0 degrees to 45 degrees
Stabilization: The tibia and fibula must be stabilized by the clinician (or on a supporting surface if the subject is in supine or prone) to prevent knee or hip motion.
Substitutions: The subject may try to extend the knee or hip to gain more range of motion during testing.
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